SOC 437 Sociology of Development Spring 2000
TT 12:00-1:50 p.m.
Dr. Kathryn Ward
Office: 3430 Faner Hall
Office Hours: Tuesday & Thursday 2:00-4 p.m. Wednesday 3-5pm or by appointment
Phone: 453-7626 (Soc. Office)
E-mail: kbward@siu.edu ( I check my email at least once a day, early morning).
Graduate Assistant: Shyamal Kumar Das
Office: 3434 Faner Hall
Phone:453-7631
Office Hours: M-W 11a-1pm
E-mail: skdas@siu.edu
Course Content:
I’ve designed this course to give advanced undergraduate and graduate students an overview of current theories and research in Sociology of Development. This course will have a particular focus on the role of gender and population issues in development. We will also examine various theories of development and topics such as globalization, structural adjustment, debt, international division of labor, sex work, militarization, and resistance among others. You will also learn about major data and web-resources on development issues. We will also discuss how to prepare to undertake studies and research on development in a variety of settings. Last but not least, given my trip to Bangladesh at the beginning of the semester, you will learn much about Bangladesh and its efforts toward development, which will exemplify many of the issues that we will cover.
Students will have the opportunity to develop skills in several areas: traditional scholarly research and writing skills, applied work, and personal reflection.The course will use lectures, class discussions, Web-based research, films, and guest speakers to examine various facets of development. Students will also take responsibility for leading discussions and being prepared for class through readings and active participation. A number of paperback books are strongly recommended for purchase, since we will read nearly all their contents. Some journal and short newspaper articles will be available on Proquest. Others are recommended. The course also relies on reserve-room readings, all kept on two-hour reserve at the Reserve Desk, Undergraduate Library.—designated by [R] or at the sociology library. You are expected to have read the assigned materials before coming to class each day; lectures and discussions will presume a familiarity with assigned materials.
Since much of the class does depend on discussion and participation, you will be penalized for absences in excess of four class sessions during the term. There may be slight modifications of the schedule and/or syllabus during the term, so be certain to check with a classmate if it is necessary for you to miss a class.
Course structure and grading:
Ground Rules for the Course:
1. Acknowledge that racism, sexism, classism, and homophobia exist.
2. Acknowledge that one of the meanings of racism/sexism is that we have been systematically taught misinformation about our own group and especially members of other groups.
3. We cannot be blamed for the misinformation we have learned, but we will be held responsible for repeating misinformation after we have learned otherwise.
4. Victims are not to be blamed for their oppression.
5. We will assume that people are always doing the best they can.
6. We will actively pursue information about our own groups and those of others.
7. We will share information about our groups with other members of the class and we will never demean, devalue, or in any way "put down" people for their experiences.
8. We each have an obligation to actively combat the myths and stereotypes about our own groups and other groups so that we can break down the walls which prohibit group cooperation and group gain.
9. We want to create a safe atmosphere for open discussion. Thus, at times, members of the class may wish to make a comment that they do not want repeated outside the classroom. If so, the student will preface his or her remarks with a request and the class will agree not to repeat the remarks.
**Ground rules by Lynn Weber, Women’s Studies, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Previously at Center for Research on Women, Memphis State University, Memphis, TN 38152
Grading System: This course will use a modified contract grading system. Part of your grade will be computed from criteria established by me. Two- thirds of your grade will be determined by a take-home midterm exam, a take-home final exam, short response papers (7), paper presentation, and attendance and class participation over materials. The midterm and final are weighted equally. In each case you will have one week to complete an essay-style exam (typed copies are required).
The remaining portion of your grade will be computed from your performance on an assignment to be contracted between you and me. Students enter courses with a variety of legitimate learning goals: sharpening traditional scholarly skills in research and writing; improving skills in applying knowledge to real-world settings; exploring personal orientations on issues related to the course. This contract grading system requires that you assume a portion of the responsibility for defining those goals and designing assignments useful in reaching them.
For your assignment, I suggest that you focus on a particular topic and/or regions, for example, the debt crisis in Central America and its effects on women and children. Or the effects of underdevelopment on fertility or infant mortality in a particular country or region. Or you can look at trends in environmental activism in India. Or the rise of democracy in South Africa. Or ethnic conflict among the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba in Nigeria. Or international responses to natural and human disasters such as hurricanes, ethnic conflicts, or so-called humanitarian missions. These are meant to be suggestive rather than definitive; if you have ideas for other useful assignments, please discuss them with me. However, I expect you to focus in on one country or region for many of your web-research, recipe, language, or cultural assignments.
Your paper references can be taken from a variety of resources—library, journals, web-sites, but you must include citations to scholarly journals and complete web citations that work when I access them. If I find that you have directly used any materials without proper citation (source, page number, and quotation marks), such as parts of articles or whole papers, you will receive a failing grade on your paper. If you have any questions about these issues, just ask.
By the end of the third week of class I would like for you to have prepared a written tentative contract of work you would like to complete. We then will set up for early the following week brief appointments so that I can discuss your contract with you individually. Once we agree on an assignment you will complete during the term, we will make modifications only by mutual agreement. An outline bibliography of your paper is due on 24 February. A rough draft of your paper is due on 4 April. You will give a short paper presentation in class before the end of the semester. If your paper is unacceptable, I will return it for rewriting, however, give me your best possible drafts. All work must be turned in by May 4th if it is to receive credit.
If you have questions, feel free to stop by my office or call me at the office (453-7626).
Required books:
Asoka Bandarage, Women, Population and Global Crisis
Philip McMichael Global Development and Change 2nd edition
Cynthia Enloe, Maneuvers
Recommended:
Diane Wolf (ed.), Feminist Dilemmas in Fieldwork
Kathryn Ward, Women Workers and Global Restructuring
Vandana Shiva, Biopiracy
J. Timmons Roberts and Amy Hite, From Modernization to Globalizations: Social Perspectives on International Development. (Classic and revisionist articles)
Week 1. 18-20 Jan. Intro and Overview
Bandarage, Introduction
Cat Cox, "The Chocolate Connection" Ms. Magazine Vol 3(5): 78-79. 1993.
Andrew Rowell, "The Wal-Martians have landed." The Ecologist 29(5):306 1999.
http://www.cleanclothes.org/ What is the Clean Clothes Campaign?
Take the Bangladesh Virtual Tour: www.virtualbangladesh.com/bd_contents.html
Week 2. 25-27 Jan. Malthus and Population Crisis?
Turn in your email address to Mr. Das on 25 Jan
Continue on the Bangladesh Virtual Tour: www.virtualbangladesh.com/bd_contents.html
Bandarage, Chapter 1
The World of Child6Billion http://www.prb.org/pubs/child6.htm
Robert Livernash and Eric Rodenburg , 1998. Population Change, Resources, and the Environment http://www.prb.org/pubs/bulletin/bu53-1.htm
Assignment 1: a) Six billion? U.S. population doubling? When and where was the 6th billionth baby born???
b)Population distributions around the world—what is the population distribution among the continents? Largest country? Race-ethnic group?
c)Bangladesh: Virtual bangladesh Map(s) of the world
d) Where in the world is Dr. Ward? How many people live in Bangladesh? Dhaka? Has she made the local news yet?
web sites:
U.S. in the World http://www.prb.org/news/usworld.htm
www.pbs.org, in particular, http://www.prb.org/pubs/bulletin/bu54-1/part1.htm World Population Beyond Six Billion 1999. http://www.worldbank.org/gender/ (GenderNet for WorldBank—check out Bangladesh women’s country profile) www.virtualbangladesh.com/bd_contents.html www.nation-online.com www.dailystarnews.com[If you have problems with demographic concepts, see Joseph A. McFalls, Population: A Lively Introduction. .http://www.prb.org/pubs/bulletin/bu53-3.htm]
Week 3. 1-3 Feb. Population Control
What does the U.S. embassy think are important issues in Bangladesh? www.usembassy-dhaka.org
Bandarage, Chapter 2
Peter Kilbourn, "Family Planning Groups Find Way Around Rules on U.S. AID." Oregonian 26 Nov 99 (New York Times News Service)
Jeremy Seabrook, "The Little Maids of Dhakka." July 1999. http://www.twnside.org.sg/souths/twn/title/1918-cn.htm
Jeremy Seabrook, "The Reproach of child labour: the fate of working children should not be forgotten ven though some developed countries have attempted to halt imports of goods made by underage workers." Financial Times 24 Aug 99
Fran Abrams, "Boycotts won’t eradicate child labour." The Independent 19 Nov 99
Assignment 2: a) visit Harvard Reproductive Health websites; what are the
Costs and benefits of methods? What are the costs and benefits of children? c) So you want to travel to study and research abroad? Which country or region? How do you prepare? Language? Passport? Visas? Shots? What kinds of birth control are available there?
http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/rt21/ (Reproductive Technologies) http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/grhf/ (Global Reproductive Health Forum) http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/grhf/WoC/ (Women of Color Site) http://www.popcouncil.org/gfd/gfd.html (Population Council site)
www.lonelyplanet.com www.travlang.com (check out Bangla and one other language) http://travel.state.gov www.state.gov/www/travel www.cdc.gov/travel
Week 4. 8-10 Feb. Socio-Demographic Relations and Fertility
Dr. Ward returns….turn in your proposed paper topic on 8 Feb.
Bandarage, Chapter 3
Ali Masrui, "Islamic and Western Values" African News Service, 17 Nov 99
Randall Robinson, The Debt www.thedebt.net
Charlotte Denny, "The battle over trade: From Maestag to Dhaka, the same fears globalisation, and the battle over quotas, hit jobs and lives. The Guardian 29 Nov 99
--------(ANON). "Wal-Mart and WTO tagged for globalizing poverty." U.S. Newswire. 24 Nov 99
Sally Kalson. "No Swing in Sweatshops." Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 17 Nov 99
Hossfeld and Wolf chapters in Ward Women Workers and Global Restructuring
Assignment 3: a) what is the world distribution of AIDS? Who is most affected in Africa? South Asia? U.S.? b) Sex ratios—girl/boy preference c) Socio-demographic indicators for your country/area Bandarage Table 4.4 d) look in your closet—where are your clothes and shoes from?
www.globalexchange.org www.globalalliance.orgWeek 5. 15-17 Feb. Socio-structural Determinants of Fertility
Bandarage Chapter 4
Diane Wolf, "Introduction." Feminist Dilemmas in Fieldwork
Anon. "Asia: A Costly Feud." The Economist 20 Nov 99
John Elliot, "In Asia, the dynasties still rule." News Statesman 8 Nov 99
Jennifer Morris, "The changing face of women in Bangladesh." www.columbia.edu/cu/sipa/PUBS/SLANT/SPRING97/morris.html
ABC website on acid throwing in Bangladesh and video www.abcnews.go.com/onair/2020/2020_991101bangladesh.html
Tom Bonifield "Bangladesh women to get care here." Cincinnati Enquirer 15 Aug 99
Assignment 4: Given your particular location in the world, what strategies do you propose to deal with the acid burnings? How big of a problem is acid burning relative to other issues? What groups would you work with? How do we get men to intervene? What can we in the North do?
Week 6. 22-24 Feb. Political Economy of Poverty
Paper Outline Due 24 February
Bandarage, Chapter-5
McMichael CHAPTER 1: Instituting the Development Project
Colonialism Decolonization
Ward 1993. "Reconceptualizing World-System Theory to Include Women." Pp. 43-68 In Paula England (ed.) Theory on Gender/Feminism on Theory. Hawthorne, New York: Aldine. [R]
Pyle, Jean. 1999. " Sex, maids, and export processing: Gendered global production networks." Paper presented at "Women and Employment: Linking Local and Global" conference, Women’s Studies Program, Illinois State University, Bloomington, IL September.
Ping-Chun Hsiung "Between bosses and workers: the dilemma of a keen observer and a vocal feminist" in D. Wolf, Feminist Dilemmas.
Tauli-Corpuz, Victoria 1998, "Asia-Pacific women grapple with financial crisis and globalisation." http://www.twnside.org.sg/souths/twn/title/grapple-cn.htm
Susan Joekes, "Diminished returns." Harvard International Review 21(4): 54. Fall 1999.
Anon. "New tech brings new life to women? China Daily 11 Dec 99.
http://www.freeway.org.hk/~cawhk/contents.htm (Asian Womens Workers’ Newsletter) http://www.un.org/Depts/eca/divis/acw/index.htm (Economic Commission on African/African Centre for Women) http://www.africaonline.com/AfricaOnline/coverwomen.html (African Women On-Line) http://www.focusintl.com/widnet.htm (WIDNET)http://www.focusintl.com/r4latina.htm (Latin America)
http://www.caa.org.au/oxfam/advocacy/index.html (OXFAM Policy Papers)Week 7. 29 Feb-2 March, Environment from WID to WED and NGOs
Bandarage Chapter 6
Vandana Shiva, Biopiracy
Biotic Baking Brigade, "The global pastry uprising" The Ecologist 29(5):298 Aug/Sept 1999.
Jeanette Fitzsimons, "The view from New Zealand" The Ecologist 29(5):295 Aug/Sept
Vandana Shiva, "Now Monsanto is After our Water" The Ecologist 29(5):297 Aug/Sept
McMichael CHAPTER 2: The Development Project in Global Context
The International Framework of the Development Project
William Bender and Margaret Smith. 1997. Population, Food, and Nutrition http://www.prb.org/pubs/bulletin/bu51-4.htm
Reese Erlich "Arsenic in water threatens millions of Bangladeshis" St. Petersburg Times. 21 Nov 99.
ASEAN WATCH. "The Growing Power of NGOS.´Businessworld 5 Nov 99
Ronald Bosrock, "Mothers of their destiny: If we want to eradicate poverty, policymakers must focus on helping women of the world." Star Tribune 27 Sept 99
www.unifem.org www.icrw.org www.igc.org./beijing/ngo/ngo.html www.icddrb.org.sg/narrow/index.htmAssignment 5: Where does your fruit and vegetables come from in Carbondale?(and don’t tell me Wal-Mart). What are the pesticides and risks? Go to a grocery store and find out where your oranges, grapes, apples, bananas, strawberries, and one other vegetable come from. In your country, what are the main foods and where do they come from? Where do people get their water? Provide a recipe of one the national/regional favorites (you will cook and share this later on…).
What does the U.S. embassy for your country think are important trade issues?
Week 8. 7-9 March, Sex Work and Violence
Midterm
Bandarage Chapter 7
Sangera, Jyoti "In the Belly of the Beast: Sex Trade, Prostitution, and Globalization" Discussion Paper for South Asia Regional Consultation on Prostitution. Feb 17-18 1997 Bangkok, from Reproductive Health Forum Web site at http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/Organizations/healthnet/SAsia/repro2/jyoti_sangera.htm
Coalition Against Trafficking in Women. (CATW),1999. "Declaration of Rights for Women in Conditions of Sex Trafficking and Prostitution" Organizing Against Sexual Exploitation Regionally, Globally. Dacca Bangladesh, 29 January 1999. http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/Organizations/healthnet/SAsia/repro2/DECLARATION_OF_RIGHTS_CATW.html
Harriet Lyons, "The representation of trafficking in persons in Asia Orientalism and other perils" Reproductions #2 http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/organization/healthnet/Sasia/repro2/orientalism.htm
Cabera, Jaime 1999. "An international passion." Bangkok Post. Bangkok. 29 Aug
Klaus de Albuquerque "In Search of the Big Bamboo: How Caribbean beach boys sell fun in the Sun." reprint in Utne Reader Feb 2000: 82-86.(originally in Transitions) [R]
Anon. "Bangladesh hookers spurn reform money." Cincinnati Enquirer 18 Jul 99
Arshad Mahmud, "Prostitutes’ eviction ‘outrageous betrayal". South China Morning Post. 27 July 99
Assignment 6: Go to the CATW site and check out the reports on sex work in your country or region and Bangladesh. CATW=Coalition Against Trafficking in Women www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/catw What are the AIDs risks?
Week 9. Spring Break—No Class
Week 10. 21-23 March. Military, Violence, Sex Work
Cynthia Enloe, Maneuvers
McMichael CHAPTER 3: The Global Economy Reborn
Divergent Developments
The Newly Industrializing Country (NIC) Phase in Context
Kathryn Ward and Jean Pyle, 1995. "Gender, Industrialization, and Development," Pp. 37-64 in Chris Bose and Edna Acosta-Belen (eds.), Women in the Latin American Development Process: From Structural Subordination to Empowerment. Philadephia: Temple University Press. [R]
Jayati Lal, "Situating locations: The Politics of Self, Identity, and "Other" in Living and Writing the Text" in D. Wolf, Feminist Dilemmas
Rose Jones, "Husbands and Lovers: Gender Construction and the Ethnography of Sex Research" Pp25-42 in Fran Markowitz and Michael Ashkenazi (eds), Sex, Sexuality, and the Anthropologist. 1999. [R]
Assignment 7: What proportion of the U.S. government’s budget do we spend on the military? Welfare? Education? What about your country?
www.worldbank.org www.census.gov/statab/www(statistical abstracts of U.S. and historical statistical abstracts)
http://www.essential.org/monitor/monitor.html (Multinational Monitor)
Week 11. 28-30 March: Agriculture, Structural Adjustment, and Micro-Credit
McMichael, CHAPTER 4: International Finance and the Rise of Global Managerialism
Financial Globalization
Ward, Kathryn. 1999. "As the Debt Crisis Turns" unpublished paper.
Jones, Erika. Nov. 1999. "The gendered toll of global debt crisis." Sojourner 25(3):20,37-38.
Judy Mann. "Small loans are Changing the World" Washington Post 15 Sept 99
Ben Barber, "Bank for Bangladesh’s poor proves big success—Program focuses on women, helps quarter of nationa via self-sufficiency." Washington Times 31 July 99.
Abu Wahid "The Grameen Bank and women in Bangladesh" Challenge. Sept/Oct 99
Fernando, Jude 1997 "NGOS, micro-credit, and empowerment of women" Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Nov. Vol 554: 150-177
Mehra,Rekha "Women, empowerment and economic development" Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. November 1997: 136-149
Rahman,Aminur (1999) "Micro-credit initiatives for equitable and sustainable development: Who Pays?" World Development 27(1): 67-82
Assignment: What is the debt situation in your country or region? Total debt? Debt service? Actual payments? Economic structures: foreign investment? Trade revenues?
If you want to work or study abroad with NGOs, how do you identify such opportunities?
UK Jubilee 2000 website. www.jubilee2000uk.org/main.html
www.grameen-info.org http://www.soc.titech.ac.jp/icm/wind/wind.html (Improving Women’s Access to Credit—extensive site!)see also http://www.bsos.umd.edu/socy/popctr.htm The Center on Population, Gender, and Inequality at University of Maryland
Week 12. 4-6 April: Postdevelopmentalism: GATT,WTO, NAFTA, SAP
Midwest Sociology meetings
Rough draft of paper due
McMicheal, CHAPTER 5: Instituting the Globalization Project
Postdevelopmentalism
Saskia Sassen, "The Informal Economy: Between New Developments and Old Regulations." Pp 153-174 in Globalization and Its Discontents. 1998. [R]
Keet, Dot. 1999. "The international anti-debt campaign—An activist view from ‘the South’ to activists in ‘the North’…and the South"
http://aidc.org.za/archives/dot_keet_debt.htmlSuad Joseph "Relationality and Ethnographic Subjectivity: Key Informants and the Construction of Personhood in Fieldwork" in D. Wolf, Feminist Dilemmas
Week 13. 11-13 April Migration and Domestic Work
UIUC WID conference
McMichael, CHAPTER 6: The Globalization Project: Structural Instabilities
Global Labor Force Bifurcation
Marshall, Samantha. Aug 3, 1999. "Double crossings: They don’t say ‘I do,’ these kidnap victims taken from Vietnam—One woman’s ordeal shows how brokers in China deal with bride shortage—The Ngs have mixed feelings." Wall Street Journal. New York. Page 1A.
Nair, Shanti. Mar 1998. "Migrants in a Maelstorm" The World Today 54:3:66-68.
Chin ,Christine 1997 "Walls of silence and late 20th century representations of foreign female domestic worker: the case of Filipina and Indonesian houseservants in Malaysia.." International Migration Review, 31(1): 353-385
Gordon, April 1998. "The new diaspora—African immigration to the United States." Journal of Third World Studies. 15(1): 79-103.
Tyner, James. 1999 "The global context of gendered labor migration from the Phillipines to the United States." American Behavioral Scientist. 42(40:671-694).
Yeoh, Brenda, Shirlena Huang, and Joaquin Gonzalez III. 1999. "Migrant female domestic workers: debating the economic, social and political impacts in Singapore." International Migration Review 33(1): 114-136.
Assignment 8: U.S. Immigration patterns (international migration/trafficking site…)
www.pbr.org www.iom.ch
Week 14. 18-20 April: Resistance
McMichael, Chapter 7: The Globalization Project and its Countermovements
Fundamentalism
Environmentalism
Bandarage, Chapter 8
Bond, Patrick. 1999. "Jubilee as Social-Movement Model." http://aidc.org.za/archives/pbond_jubilee_social_movement.html
Forthcoming in Land and Rural Policy Digest
Patricia Jeffrey , "Agency, Activism, and Agendas" Pp.221-224 in P. Jeffrey and A. Basu, Appropriating Gender: Women’s Activism and Politicized Religion in South Asia. 1008 [R]
Week 15. 25-27 April Paper and Food Presentations
Week 16 2-4 May Paper and Food Presentations
Finals week: 8-12 May